Teacher Education
Teacher Education and Teacher Training
Teacher education is a wonderful tool for teachers to understand the right way to teach the youth and adults of the world who are attempting to make changes in our society based on knowledge. Teacher education refers to the policies and procedures designed to equip teachers with the knowledge, attitudes, behaviors and skills they require to perform their tasks effectively in the school and classroom.
Generally, Teacher Education curricula can be broken down into these blocks: knowledge and skills about teaching and learning, knowledge and skills concerned with the subject taught and knowledge about teachers’ deontology
Teacher education is divided into initial teacher training or education, which is a pre-service course before entering the classroom as a fully responsible teacher. Lastly, teacher development or continuing professional development (CPD) is an in-service process for practicing teachers.
History of Teacher Education
In Western European countries the teacher education began in the beginning of 18th century in Germany. It was represented in the form of seminars which prepared teacher for teaching. The first teacher training college was created in 18th century in France by Roman Catholic monk Jean Baptiste de la Salle. His colleagues from Christian schools were teaching children from poor families. They were an order of non-clerical male teachers. And it was the first example of secular teacher raining college. Before teacher education was clerical.
In Great Britain and in the USA there wasn’t system of teacher education, but there was a certification of teachers, it was introduced by Queen Elizabeth I. In England the history of teacher education begins in 19th century with help of Joseph Lancaster and Andrew Bell. In Scotland in second part of 19th century in Glasgow Normal Seminary for Teachers were opened by David Stowe. In the USA Horace Mann created Normal Schools in Massachusetts.
Important contribution to the development of teacher education and teacher training was done by Sweden citizen Pestalozzi. He supported formal teacher training colleges.
German concept of teacher training is based of works of Derwent Coleridge and James Kay Shuttleworth. It was recognized that in the process of teaching not only material is important, but way of teaching also. By the 19th century teacher training and education was formed in France and Russia and Japan.
